DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A COMPACT RADIATION MONITOR FOR SPACE ROCKETS
Abdulrahman Albarodi, M. Bilge Demirköz, Uğur Kılıç, Ahmet Baran Can,
Deniz Orhun Boztemur, Egecan Karadöller, Aziz Ulvi Çalışkan,
Güntekin Kabuli, Levent Balamir Tavacıoğlu
Pages: 125–131
DOI: 10.21175/RadProc.2021.24
Abstract |
References | Cite This | Full Text (PDF)
A compact radiation monitor which incorporates a Geiger-Müller counter and two silicon detectors was designed and tested for radiation measurements on Turkish space rockets. The large area silicon PIN detectors, each with 4 quadrants produced in Turkey by TÜBİTAK BİLGEM UEKAE YİTAL laboratories, vertically aligned inside a thin aluminum shielding, separated by 3 PCBs as degraders, to perform coincidence logic and energy discrimination. Each quadrant is amplified separately to reduce the noise on readout cards designed by METU The Research and Application Center for Space and Accelerator Technologies (İVMER) which generate logical signals per layer, which are then coincided in a 7.8ns time window by an FPGA. The prototype also incorporates a Geiger-Müller tube sensitive to electrons and gammas to compare the counts of particles outside the box measured during test period. The I-V and C-V characterization of the PIN diodes, as well as detailed calibration of the readout electronics were performed. The device was tested at the METU-DBL (METU Defocusing Beam Line) proton beam line with 15 and 30 MeV proton beams as well as radioactive alpha and beta sources and shown to be sensitive to different particle species. The dynamic range, which has been demonstrated up to 106 particles/second lays the foundation for a robust radiation measurement with more detector and degrader layers for a larger energy range on a satellite over the South Atlantic Anomaly as well as van Allen belts.
-
T. Sato, “Analytical model for estimating terrestrial cosmic ray fluxes
nearly anytime and anywhere in the world: extension of PARMA/EXPACS,” PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 12, article no. e0144679, Dec. 2015.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144679
-
R. Engel, D. Heck, T. Pierog, “Extensive air showers and hadronic
interactions at high energy,” Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., vol.
61, pp. 467–489, Nov. 2011.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.012809.104544
-
T. P. Dachev, “Profile of the ionizing radiation exposure between the Earth
surface and free space,” J. Atmos. Sol.–Terr. Phys., vol. 102, pp.
148–156, Sep. 2013.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2013.05.015
-
M. Barrantes et al., “Atmospheric corrections of the cosmic ray fluxes
detected by the Solar Neutron Telescope at the Summit of the Sierra Negra
Volcano in Mexico,” Geofis. Int., vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 253–275,
Oct. 2018.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2018.57.4.2105
-
K. Copeland, “CARI-7A: development and validation,” Radiat. Prot. Dosim., vol. 175, no. 4, pp. 419–431, Aug. 2017.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncw369
-
Y. I. Stozhkov, N. S. Svirzhevsky, V. S. Makhmutov, “Cosmic ray measurement
in the atmosphere,” in Proc. Workshop on Ion-Aerosol-Cloud Interact (IACI), Geneva,
Switzerland, 2001, pp. 41–62.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5170/CERN-2001-007
-
R. G. Harrison, K. A. Nicol, K. L. Aplin, “Vertical profile measurements of
lower troposphere ionization,” J. Atmos. Sol.–Terr. Phys., vol.
119, pp. 203–210, Nov. 2014.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2014.08.006
-
M. B. Demirköz et al., “Design of a space radiation monitor for a sounding
rocket and results from the first Turkish sounding rocket flight,”
presented at the Rad. Effects on Components and Systems ( RADECS), Vienna, Austria, Sep. 2021.
-
“Türk roketi ilk kez sıvı yakıt ile uzayda,” ROKETSAN Haber, Kas.
13, 2020. (“Turkish rocket in space for the first time with liquid fuel,” ROKETSAN News, Nov. 13, 2020.)
Retrieved from:
https://www.roketsan.com.tr/tr/medya/haberler/turk-roketi-ilk-kez-sivi-yakitla-uzayda
Retrieved on: Nov. 13, 2020
-
A. Albarodi, “Design of a space radiation monitor for a spacecraft in LEO
and results from a prototype on the first Turkish sounding rocket”, M.Sc.
dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Dept. of Physics, Ankara,
Turkey, 2021.
Retrieved from:
http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12626153/index.pdf
Retrieved on: May 25, 2021
-
S. Srivastava, R. Henry, A. Topka R., “Characterization of PIN diode
silicon radiation detector,” Int. J. Intell. Electr. Syst., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 47–51, 2007.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18000/ijies.30009
-
J. M. Park et al., “Consideration of the Leakage-Current and the
Radiation-Response characteristics of silicon PIN detectors with different
N-Type Substrates and Their Application to a Personal γ-ray dosimeter,” J. Korean Phys. Soc., vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 10–17, 2007.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.51.10
-
D. K. Schroder, “Carrier and Doping Density,” in Semiconductor Material and Device Characterization, 3rd
ed., New Jersey, USA, J. Wiley and Sons, 2006, ch. 2, sec. 2, pp. 61–78.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1002/0471749095
-
T. L. Floyd, D. Buchla, “Basic Op-amp Circuits” in Fundamentals of Analog Circuits, 2nd ed., USA, Prentice Hall, Pearson, 2002, ch. 8, ch. 1–4, pp. 418–445.
-
R. Gaillard, “Single Event Effects: Mechanisms and Classification,” in Soft Errors in Modern Electronic Systems, 1st ed., Boston, MA, USA, Springer, 2011, ch. 2, pp. 27–54.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6993-4_2
-
Geant4 Collaboration, Geant4 User’s Guide for Application Developers, Geant4 version 10.3, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 2016.
Retrieved from:
https://geant4-userdoc.web.cern.ch/UsersGuides/ForApplicationDeveloper/BackupVersions/V10.3/html/index.html
Retrieved on: Jul. 15, 2020
-
M. Pinto, P. Gonçalves, “GUIMesh: A tool to import STEP geometries into
Geant4 via GDML,” Comp. Phys. Commun., vol. 239, pp.
150–156, 2019.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2019.01.024
-
J. F. Ziegler, M. D. Ziegler, J. P. Biersack, “SRIM – The stopping and
range of ions in matter,”
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sec. B: Beam Interact. Mater. At.,
vol. 268, no. 11-12, pp. 1818–1823, Jun. 2010.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2010.02.091
-
Microsemi, DS0128: IGLOO2 and SmartFusion2 Datasheet, 12 th ed., Microchip, California, USA, 2008
Retrieved from:
https://www.microsemi.com/document-portal/doc_download/132042-igloo2-fpga-datasheet
Retrieved on: Aug. 15, 2020
-
A. Gencer, M. B. Demirkoz, I. Efthymiopoulos, M. Yiğitoğlu, “Defocusing
beam line design for an irradiation facility at the TAEA SANAEM Proton
Accelerator Facility,”
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sec. A: Accel. Spectrom. Detect.
Assoc. Equip., vol. 824, pp. 202–203, Jul. 2016.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.11.018
-
M. B. Demirkoz, S. Niğdelioğlu, M. Yiğitoğlu, S. Aydın, I. Efthymiopoulos,
“METU defocusing beam line project for the first SEE tests in Turkey and
the results from the METU-DBL preliminary setup,”
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sec. A: Accel. Spectrom. Detect.
Assoc. Equip., vol. 936, pp. 54–56, Aug. 2018.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.11.075
-
M. B. Demirkoz et al., “METU-Defocusing beamline: A 15-30 MeV proton
irradiation facility and beam measurement system,” EPJ Web Conf.,
vol. 225, article no. 01008, Jan. 2020.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022501008
-
Red Pitaya Documentation, Redpitaya, Slovenia, 2020.
Retrieved from:
https://redpitaya.readthedocs.io/
Retrieved on: May 25, 2020
-
Z. Bielecki, “Readout electronics for optical detectors”, Opto-Electron. Rev., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 129–137, 2004.
Retrieved from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228798113_Readout_electronics_for_optical_detectors
Retrieved on: Dec. 20, 2020
-
M. Wijtvliet et al., “PR3: A system for radio-interferometry and radiation measurement on sounding rockets,” Microprocessors and Microsystems, vol. 77, article no. 103163, Sep. 2020.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103163
Abdulrahman Albarodi, M. Bilge Demirköz, Uğur Kılıç, Ahmet Baran Can,
Deniz Orhun Boztemur, Egecan Karadöller, Aziz Ulvi Çalışkan,
Güntekin Kabuli, Levent Balamir Tavacıoğlu, "Design and characterization of a compact radiation monitor for space rockets", RAD Conf. Proc, vol. 5, 2021, pp. 125–131, http://doi.org/10.21175/RadProc.2021.24
|